Buffalo Engineers Simplify Learning Robotic Surgery BUFFALO (wned) - Surgical robots controlled by doctors now carry out some procedures in hospitals. But hours of training are required to teach surgeons to properly use the million dollar machines.

Buffalo engineers are now on the cutting edge of this fledgling field of medicine.

No quarters required

The Robotic Surgical Simulator, or RoSS, looks like an arcade game. The screen is in 3-D high definition, such as, the inside of a lower pelvis. Trainees guide two surgical arms that simulate cutting through tissue when pinched. The bulky machine creates a visual and near-visceral environment that resembles a real surgery - down to the blood that results from each cut.

During real-time robotic surgery, a doctor would control a similar machine, with a similar view, from another room. But hours of training are required on a simulator like this.

Robots are being used for more surgeries because the machines can be more precise than human surgeons, according to Andrew Stegemann, a robotic training coordinator at Roswell Park.

"It's basically like having an instrument that's roughly the size of the pinkie finger nail that can rotate and articulate like your own wrist," Stegemann says. "[Surgery] can be very taxing on the surgeon's body, it's exhausting."

The RoSS uses software called Hands-On Surgical Training (HoST). This gives surgeons-in-training a hands-on feel of doing procedures with the leeway to make mistakes and learn without putting someone's life at risk.

"First of all, ethically, it's a lot better to practice on something that's not a real human. You're not putting a patient at risk," Stegemann says. "People will ask, Why aren't you practicing on animals?' There's ethical concerns with that. It's also cost prohibitive."

Local connections

While the machine did not originate locally, partners at the University at Buffalo and Roswell Park wrote HoST. One author, UB Mechanical Engineering Professor Thenkurussi Kesavadas, calls the device the most detailed and accurate simulation of learning robotic surgery in the world.

"We heard words like, 'This is a game changer. You know, this is a new way of training,'" Kesavadas says. "As we must remember, robots are a very sophisticated machine. It's like an aircraft. You have to learn how to fly an aircraft. It's the same thing. You have to learn how to use a robot."

Altogether, a surgical robot, simulator and software package could cost more than $2 million. The skills and procedures that could result from proper use make this a relatively cheap investment for a hospital, Kesavadas says.

The next step is marketing the tools to hospitals around the world with the hope they'll bite. With any luck, Kesavadas says, this kind of model could be the 21st Century's approach to surgery. © Copyright 2012, wned